中国区际法律冲突的特点及其解决模式
蔡鸿铭

　　摘 要 随着香港、澳门的相继回归，中国出现了“一国两制、四法域”的格局；而中国大陆与台湾还未能统一，是否能将大陆与台湾之间的冲突称成为区际冲突，或有此一问,因为所谓区际冲突一般是指统一国家内各法域的冲突。关于这一问题，中国的状况十分特殊。中国应该采取何种区际法律冲突的模式，成为目前急需解决的问题。由于历史原因，内地与香港、澳门之间的关系历来相当于不同国家之间的关系，相互之间的冲突关系一般视为国际冲突，多援用各自国际冲突法规则解决之。自中国政府实行改革开放政策以来，内地与港澳的交往日增，出现了大量的冲突问题，在解决这些冲突问题时，不能单纯地将这种法律冲突作为国际法律冲突对待。在香港和澳门回归前的过渡期，两地仍分别由英国和葡萄牙政府负责行政管理。因此，在1997年和1999年以前，内地与香港、澳门之间的冲突仍应属于国际法律冲突性质。1997年和1999年后，香港和澳门先后回归祖国，成为中国境内两个新的独立法域，内地与香港、澳门之间的区际法律冲突才成为现实。加之目前大陆与台湾在政治上尚未统一，对对方法律在己方域内的效力尚未相互承认，但自两岸开放至今，始终存在着大量的两岸之间的交往关系，存在着两岸之间特殊的区际法律冲突。本文试从中国区际法律冲突的特点，来探求适合中国区际法律冲突的解决模式。

　　关键词 法域；区际法律冲突；解决模式

　　Abstract

　　With the return of Hong Kong and Macao one after another, the pattern of “one country, two systems ,four law lands ”has appeared in China. Moreover, at present, Mainland and Taiwan are not reunified. Because the so-called inter-region conflict is generally referred to that among the various law lands in an unified country. whether the conflict of law between Mainland and Taiwan can be called the inter-region conflict.. About this question , the state of China is very special. Because of the historical reason, the relation among Mainland, Hong Kong and Macao is usually taken as that among different countries. Consequently, conflicts among them are generally regarded as international conflicts and are solved by quoting the regulation of conflict of international law.,

　　Since the adoption of policy of reform and opening in China, contacts between Mainland and Hong Kong, Macao have increased and a lot of conflicts have appeared. On solving the problem of conflicts , we cannot regard them as international ones, At present, although we have assured in law that Hong Kong and Macao will become two independent law lands of China, the two places were still governed by the U.K. and Portugal separately before their return. That is to say the conflicts between Mainland and Hong Kong, Macao were still of international law before 1997 and 1999.And after that time, with the return of Hong Kong and Macao in succession and becoming two new independent law lands in China, the conflicts between Mainland and Hong Kong ,Macao turned into that of inter-region law. In addition, nowadays Mainland and Taiwan are not reunified, nor mutually commitment of law on its own law land. But since the opening of two sides, there are a quantity of contacts and existed the special conflicts of inter-region law.

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